What is chronic kidney disease?
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a slow and progressive loss of kidney function over several years. Eventually, a person may develop kidney failure. CKD includes conditions that damage your kidneys and decrease their ability to keep you healthy by causing hindrance in filtering waste and excess fluid from your blood. You may develop a lot of health complications over a period of time. When kidney disease progresses, it may eventually lead to kidney failure which requires dialysis or a kidney transplant to maintain life. In the early stage of CKD, you might have few signs or symptoms. You might not realize you might have kidney disease until the condition is advanced.
Symptoms
Many people will not have any severe symptoms until the advanced stage. Depending on how severe it is, loss of kidney function can cause
- Loss of appetite
- Nausea
- Vomiting
- Fatigue or tiredness
- Bloody urine, in some cases
- Poor sleep
- Swelling in ankles and feet
- Shortness of breath
- Itchy and dry skin
- Muscle cramps
- High blood pressure
- Chest pain in some cases
When to see a doctor
Check with your general physician if you have persistent or worrying symptoms. It is important to get a proper diagnosis. Individuals should follow their doctor’s instructions to prevent further damage. Early detection might help kidney diseases from progressing to kidney failure.
Causes
Anyone can get CKD at any age. However, some people are more likely to develop the diseases with these factors playing a major role.
- Diabetes(Type 1 or Type 2)
- High blood pressure
- Family history of kidney failures
- Polycystic kidney disease
- Recurring kidney infections
- Prolonged obstruction of urinary tract conditions such as kidney stones and some cancers.
Risk factor
Factors that can increase your risks of developing CKD are
- Smoking
- Have diabetes
- Have blood pressure
- Obesity
- Abnormal kidney structure
- Old age
- Frequent use of medications
Complication
CKD can affect the functioning of almost every part of your body. A list of potential complications are
- Anaemia
- Fluid retention
- Gout
- Heart disease
- Pregnancy complications involving risk to both mother and the fetus
- High phosphorus and calcium causing damage to bones
- High potassium
Prevention
If you have high diabetes or blood pressure, the best way to prevent it is to work with your doctor to control your blood pressure and blood sugar.
Maintain a healthy weight, quit smoking, and get regular with your physical activities
Treatment
Your doctor will ask you for the signs of CKD and will suggest a few tests related to the same. Your doctors will suggest certain treatment
Medicines to lower your blood pressure or cholesterol
Pills to get rid of swelling and salt build-ups in the kidney
Dialysis
Kidney transplant.
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